{"id":20230,"date":"2025-02-18T14:40:06","date_gmt":"2025-02-18T19:40:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bernierfournieravocats.com\/?p=20230"},"modified":"2025-02-18T14:40:06","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T19:40:06","slug":"dismissal-of-oppression-claim-implications-for-minority-shareholders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bernierfournieravocats.com\/en\/publications\/2025\/02\/18\/dismissal-of-oppression-claim-implications-for-minority-shareholders\/","title":{"rendered":"Dismissal of Oppression Claim: Implications for Minority Shareholders"},"content":{"rendered":"

On November 28th, the Quebec Court of Appeal upheld a decision rendered by the Superior Court\u00b9 regarding a petition for oppression remedies\u00b2. The applicant and appellant, Olivier Girard, challenged the dissolution of the company 9286-9593 Qu\u00e9bec Inc. and the subsequent sale of his shares. However, the Court of Appeal, maintaining the Superior Court’s decision, refused to grant the oppression remedy<\/a>, thus confirming the validity of the company’s dissolution and the share sale.<\/p>\n

Summary of Facts<\/h3>\n

In 2013, Olivier Girard, the applicant, along with Jean-Ren\u00e9 Larose, Martin Lavictoire, and Pascal Cyr, the respondents, formed a consulting engineering firm, 9286-9593 Qu\u00e9bec Inc. (hereinafter “the company”). They were all directors of the company and decided to divide the share capital equally, 25% per person. Their business structure was rather informal; they did not bother to enter into a unanimous shareholders’ agreement<\/a>.<\/p>\n

However, in 2015, citing Girard’s lack of leadership and collaboration, the three respondents decided to end their business relationship with him.<\/p>\n

Girard then left the company and attempted to negotiate the sale of his shares. A deadlock ensued regarding the value of his shares, with the applicant considering their value to be more than double that proposed by the respondents. The applicant then served his oppression claim on the respondents. Nevertheless, the company was dissolved without the parties agreeing on the share price.<\/p>\n

Superior Court Decision<\/h3>\n

Since an oppression remedy is possible under section 450 of the Business Corporations Act<\/a><\/em>\u00b3, the Honorable Justice Morrison had to analyze the application of this provision to the specific circumstances. This remedy allows courts to protect minority shareholders<\/a> against the abusive actions of the majority. Indeed, the Court can issue any order to remedy the situation.\u2074<\/p>\n

After analyzing the specific facts of the case, the judge concluded that there had been no abuse or oppression by the respondents against Girard. The judge considered several factors, including the informal nature of the initial agreement. The absence of a formal shareholders’ agreement or a non-competition clause<\/a> contributed to the impasse between the parties. Furthermore, the respondents raised legitimate concerns regarding Girard’s behavior and performance. Moreover, the court found no evidence that the respondents acted in bad faith or with the intention of oppressing Girard. He thus concluded that the oppression remedy was not appropriate to settle the dispute over the value of the shares, considering the claim to be primarily a commercial dispute between shareholders over the value of their respective shares. Dissatisfied with this decision, the applicant appealed to the Quebec Court of Appeal.<\/p>\n

Court of Appeal Decision<\/h3>\n

Recalling the high degree of deference that the Court of Appeal must show to the findings of fact of lower courts, it concluded that the appeal should be dismissed. It reiterated that the oppression remedy is not a tool to force a desired sale price, but rather a mechanism of protection against abuse. Since the appellant failed to demonstrate such abuse, the Superior Court’s conclusions were upheld.<\/p>\n

Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n

These decisions highlight the importance of entering into formal and comprehensive shareholders’ agreements<\/a> that clearly define the roles, responsibilities, and rights of each party. A non-competition clause<\/a> can also be beneficial.<\/p>\n

Second, open communication and proactive conflict resolution among partners are crucial to avoid costly litigation.<\/p>\n

Furthermore, the preservation of complete and well-organized documents is essential to support a position in case of litigation.<\/p>\n

Finally, it is crucial to choose the appropriate legal recourse to settle a dispute. The oppression remedy is not a universal remedy for all shareholder conflicts.<\/p>\n

In conclusion, it is always advisable to consult legal counsel for a proper analysis of your specific situation. They will be able to put your interests forward while offering personalized solutions.<\/p>\n

Written with the collaboration of Laury-Ann Bernier, Law Lecturer at Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al and Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00b9 Girard<\/em> c. Larose<\/em>, 2022 QCCS 4835<\/a>.
\n\u00b2 Girard<\/em> c. Larose<\/em>, 2024 QCCA 1592<\/a>.
\n\u00b3\u00a0Business Corporations Act<\/em>, RLRQ, c. S-31.1.
\n\u2074\u00a0Id.<\/em>, s.451.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"On November 28th, the Quebec Court of Appeal upheld a decision rendered by the Superior Court\u00b9 regarding a petition for oppression remedies\u00b2. The applicant and appellant, Olivier Girard, challenged the dissolution of the company 9286-9593 Qu\u00e9bec Inc. and the subsequent sale of his shares. However, the Court of Appeal, maintaining the Superior Court’s decision, refused… View Article<\/a>","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":14124,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[56],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publications"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDismissal of Oppression Claim: Implications for Minority Shareholders - Bernier Fournier Inc. - Drummondville Lawyers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Court issues a ruling on the use of oppression remedies by minority shareholders, recalling the importance of shareholders' agreements.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bernierfournieravocats.com\/en\/publications\/2025\/02\/18\/dismissal-of-oppression-claim-implications-for-minority-shareholders\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dismissal of Oppression Claim: Implications for Minority Shareholders - 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